harlan teklad官网 TD.88051和TD.90221 TD.94059 胆固醇和胆酸盐的混合高脂饮食
贝弗利·派根和他的同事首先通过喂养一种混合性动脉粥样硬化饮食来描述C57BL/6小鼠动脉粥样硬化的发展。这种混合饲料是通过将一种天然成分的老鼠饲料按3：1的比例与浓缩的纯化饲料(含5%胆固醇和2%胆酸钠；称为Thoms-Hartroft饮食)混合而成的。产生的混合物在TD.88051/TD.90221(同配方)含有~15.8%脂肪、1.25%胆固醇和0.5%胆酸钠。这组人后来将混合动脉粥样硬化饮食方法与更现代的“西方”纯化动脉粥样硬化饮食方法进行了比较，并添加了胆固醇和胆酸盐，发现混合动脉粥样硬化饮食会导致更多的胆结石和肝脏损伤。混合饮食含有多种未精制的成分，这些成分可能会改变血脂代谢和动脉粥样硬化的发生，并且不允许对成分和营养物进行精确控制，以用于慢性病的研究。虽然已经开发出了更精细的饮食，但混合动脉粥样硬化饮食仍然是野生型小鼠和大鼠诱发轻度动脉粥样硬化和胆结石的流行食品。联系我们获得更多的信息，修改，或可能的控制饮食。
添加胆固醇和胆酸盐的混合高脂饮食实例*：
添加胆固醇的混合高脂饮食的例子(没有胆酸来源)：
研究用途：
主要在野生型小鼠和大鼠诱发高胆固醇血症和轻度动脉粥样硬化(泡沫细胞、脂肪条纹)。
不会助长肥胖。
也用于造石(胆石)啮齿动物的研究。
主要饮食特征：
- 75%的啮齿动物饲养员；25%的纯化成分
- 高脂肪(体重约15%；脂肪37%千卡)
- 饱和脂肪酸(SFA>总脂肪酸的45%)
- 胆固醇(1.25%)
- 巧克力源(0.5%)*
参考资料：
- Nishina，下午，J.Verstuyft，B.Paigen，合成低脂和高脂肪饮食，用于研究小鼠动脉粥样硬化。j Lipid RES，1990年。31(5)：P。859-69
- Clee，S.M.，等，血浆和血管壁脂蛋白脂肪酶在动脉粥样硬化中有不同的作用。j Lipid RES，2000年。41(4)：P。521-31
- George，J.等人，用热休克蛋白-65免疫C57BL/6J小鼠，促进了脂肪条纹的形成。Arteroscler Thromb VASc Biol，1999年。19(3)：P。505-10
- Miyake，J.H.，等，胆固醇-7-α-羟化酶基因表达对C57BL/6J小鼠动脉粥样硬化的预防作用。Arteroscler Thromb VASc Biol，2002年。22(1)：P。121-6
- Paigen，B，等，小鼠动脉粥样硬化病变的定量评估。动脉粥样硬化，1987年。68(3)：P。231-40。
- Schreyer，S.A.，D.L.Wilson和R.C.LeBoeuf，C57BL/6小鼠以高脂饮食作为糖尿病加速动脉粥样硬化的模型。动脉粥样硬化，1998年。136(1)：P。17-24。
- Vergnes，L，等，胆固醇和胆酸组成的动脉粥样硬化饮食诱导不同阶段的肝脏炎症基因的表达。j Biol Chem，2003年。278(44)：P。42774-84。
*胆酸钠或胆酸有助胆固醇和脂肪的吸收，并可透过胆汁酸合成减少胆固醇的排出。然而，如果你的研究不想包括胆酸盐的来源，没有胆酸盐的饮食是可用的。看见TD.96121为了纯正的饮食TD.94059混合饮食。请与我们联系，了解其他选项。
Hybrid high fat diets with added cholesterol and cholate source*
Beverly Paigen and colleagues first characterized atherosclerosis development in C57BL/6 mice by feeding a hybrid atherogenic diet. The hybrid diet was created by mixing a natural ingredient mouse diet in a 3:1 ratio with a concentrated purified diet (containing 5% cholesterol and 2% sodium cholate; referred to as Thomas-Hartroft diet). The resulting mixture recreated in TD.88051/TD.90221 (same formula) contains ~15.8% fat, 1.25% cholesterol, and 0.5% sodium cholate. This group later compared the hybrid atherogenic diet approach to the more modern “western” purified atherogenic diet with added cholesterol and cholate and found that the hybrid atherogenic diet induced more gallstones and liver damage. Hybrid diets contain a variety of unrefined ingredients that may modify lipid metabolism and atherogenesis and do not allow for precise control of ingredients and nutrients for the study of chronic diseases. Although more refined diets have been developed, hybrid atherogenic diets are still popular for inducing mild atherosclerosis and gallstones in wild type mice and rats. Contact us for more information, modifications, or possible control diets.
Examples of hybrid high-fat diets with added cholesterol and cholate source*:
Example of hybrid high-fat diet with added cholesterol (without cholate source):
Research Use:
Induce hypercholesterolemia and mild atherosclerosis (foam cells, fatty streaks) primarily in wild type mice and rats.
Will not promote obesity.
Also used for lithogenic (gallstone) rodent studies.
Key dietary features:
- 75% rodent breeder diet; 25% purified ingredients
- High fat (~15% by weight; 37% kcal from fat)
- Saturated fatty acids (SFA >45% of total fatty acids)
- Cholesterol (1.25%)
- Cholate source (0.5%)*
References:
- Nishina, P.M., J. Verstuyft, and B. Paigen, Synthetic low and high fat diets for the study of atherosclerosis in the mouse. J Lipid Res, 1990. 31(5): p. 859-69.
- Clee, S.M., et al., Plasma and vessel wall lipoprotein lipase have different roles in atherosclerosis. J Lipid Res, 2000. 41(4): p. 521-31.
- George, J., et al., Enhanced fatty streak formation in C57BL/6J mice by immunization with heat shock protein-65. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 1999. 19(3): p. 505-10.
- Miyake, J.H., et al., Transgenic expression of cholesterol-7-alpha-hydroxylase prevents atherosclerosis in C57BL/6J mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 2002. 22(1): p. 121-6.
- Paigen, B., et al., Quantitative assessment of atherosclerotic lesions in mice. Atherosclerosis, 1987. 68(3): p. 231-40.
- Schreyer, S.A., D.L. Wilson, and R.C. LeBoeuf, C57BL/6 mice fed high fat diets as models for diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis, 1998. 136(1): p. 17-24.
- Vergnes, L., et al., Cholesterol and cholate components of an atherogenic diet induce distinct stages of hepatic inflammatory gene expression. J Biol Chem, 2003. 278(44): p. 42774-84.
*Sodium cholate or cholic acid aid cholesterol and fat absorption and reduce cholesterol disposal via bile acid synthesis. However, if including a cholate source is not desired for your research, diets without cholate are available. See TD.96121 for a purified diet and TD.94059 for a hybrid diet. Contact us for additional options.